How to specify safe, non-slip surfaces for commercial terraces and balconies

When designing commercial terraces and balconies, safety must be a top priority, especially when it comes to preventing slips and falls. These outdoor areas are often exposed to rain, condensation and heavy foot traffic, all of which can increase the risk of accidents if the right surface materials aren’t used.

Whether you are working on a rooftop bar, hotel terrace or an office balcony, the right surface can reduce risk, enhance usability and elevate the overall design.

Why slip resistance matters for commercial terraces and balconies

Commercial terraces and balconies are designed to be inviting, functional spaces. Whether they are part of a:

• Hotel
• Restaurant or bar
• Office
• Multi-functional development

These areas can quickly become hazardous if the surface materials aren’t selected with safety in mind.

Slip resistance is a critical consideration, especially in outdoor environments where rain, condensation or even spilled drinks can create slippery conditions. Failing to specify slip-resistant surfaces not only increases the risk of accidents but also exposes property owners and designers to potential liability issues and costly legal claims.

Understanding slip resistance: Key rating systems explained

When specifying external flooring surfaces for commercial terraces and balconies, understanding slip resistance ratings is crucial to ensure safety and compliance with regulations. Different standards help architects, designers, and specifiers determine the appropriate flooring that minimises the risk of slips and falls.

One widely recognised standard is the DIN rating system, which is equivalent to British Standards and is accepted throughout the UK. DIN stands for Deutsches Institut für Normung, or the German Institute for Standardisation. This system is commonly referenced by floor designers and architects to comply with building regulations and to reduce liability from accident claims.

How the DIN Slip Resistance Test Works

The DIN test involves placing a ramp covered with the flooring material to be tested. This ramp is gradually raised at different angles while a person, wearing a specified shoe type or barefoot, walks on it. The test is repeated multiple times under different conditions, including dry, wet floors and floors contaminated with substances, to simulate real-world scenarios.

The angles at which slipping occurs are recorded, and an average score is calculated to assign an R rating. This rating reflects the flooring's ability to prevent slips on flat surfaces.

What the Ratings Mean

• R11: Our surfaces are rated to R11 which indicates a moderate to high level of slip resistance. This is suitable for areas with moderate to heavy foot traffic and where moisture may be present. Tiles with an R11 rating are ideal for external spaces like patios, roof terraces and decks.

R11 slip rated surfaces are:

• Suitable for various environments: R11 surfaces can be used in external spaces, making them versatile for various applications. 
• Good grip in wet areas: The R11 rating provides a higher levels of slip resistance, even when the surface is wet. This makes them ideal for commercial terraces and balconies where weather conditions can cause the surfaces to be wet.
• Ideal for high-traffic areas: This slip resistance rating means they are suitable for areas with moderate to heavy foot traffic. Once again, making these surfaces perfect for commercial terraces. 

A minimum Pendulum Test Value (SRV) of 45 is advised for sloped surfaces, ensuring adequate grip even when wet or contaminated.

By understanding and applying the R11 slip resistance rating, you can specify flooring that maintains safety for all users, particularly in high-traffic commercial outdoor areas exposed to weather and moisture.

The advantages of porcelain tiles and decking for anti-slip surfaces

When it comes to specifying safe, stylish surfaces for commercial terraces, porcelain tiles and decking are the most reliable choices. They offer excellent slip resistance, along with long-term durability and aesthetic versatility.

Here is a closer look at their advantages:

• High slip resistance: Porcelain decking and tiles offer excellent slip resistance. Providing a secure surface, even in wet conditions.
• Low porosity: Porcelain absorbs very little water, which helps prevent slippery algae and moss growth. As well as reducing the risk of surface saturation.
• Durability: Extremely hard-wearing and resistant to stains, frost and UV damage, porcelain surfaces are ideal for high-traffic areas like bars, rooftop terraces and restaurant balconies.
• Aesthetic versatility: Available in a wide range of finishes, colours and sizes to suit contemporary and traditional designs.
• Low maintenance: Easy to clean and doesn’t require sealing or chemical treatments to maintain its non-slip performance.

Ensuring effective drainage to prevent water accumulation

Proper drainage is a critical factor in maintaining slip-resistant surfaces on commercial terraces and balconies. Water pooling can significantly increase the risk of slips, especially when combined with smooth or flat flooring materials. To prevent water accumulation:

• Design slopes and falls that direct water away from walking areas, ideally with a minimum slope of 1-2% to encourage drainage.
• Install drainage channels or grates strategically to capture and divert water.
• Use permeable materials where possible to allow water to filter through rather than pool on the surface.
• Regularly inspect and clear drainage systems of debris to maintain their efficiency.

Additionally, consider the use of Venice clips, which are designed to elevate raised terrace tiles, creating a gap beneath them. This gap facilitates airflow and water drainage, preventing water from pooling underneath the tiles and reducing the risk of slip hazards.

Effective drainage not only enhances safety but also extends the life of your flooring materials by preventing water damage.

Practical tips for installing and maintaining non-slip surfaces

To ensure your commercial terrace or balcony remains safe and slip-resistant, follow these practical guidelines:

• Choose the right materials: Use flooring with a proven slip resistance rating suitable for the environment and expected foot traffic.
• Prepare the substrate properly: Ensure the base is clean, level, and free of contaminants before installation.
• Allow for expansion and contraction: Use appropriate jointing materials to accommodate movement without cracking or lifting.
• Regular cleaning: Keep surfaces free from algae, moss, leaves, and other debris that can increase slipperiness.
• Routine inspections: Periodically check for wear or damage and repair or replace sections as needed.
• Avoid waxes or polishes that could reduce slip resistance, especially in outdoor or wet areas.

Good installation and maintenance practices maximise safety and maintain the visual appeal of your commercial outdoor spaces.

The essential role of anti-slip surfaces in commercial outdoor spaces

Anti-slip surfaces are not just a safety feature; they are a legal and ethical necessity in commercial outdoor environments. Terraces and balconies are exposed to weather elements that increase the likelihood of wet, slippery conditions. Installing surfaces with reliable slip resistance helps:

• Protect visitors, employees and tenants from injury.
• Comply with building codes and health and safety regulations.
• Reduce liability risks and costly accident claims.
• Create welcoming and accessible spaces that encourage use and enjoyment.
• Enhance overall design by combining functionality with aesthetics.

Prioritising slip resistance in your commercial terraces and balconies ensures a safe, durable, and inviting environment for everyone.

Porcelain surfaces from Raaft

At Raaft we specialise in designing and supplying high-performance decking systems. Our porcelain surfaces offer the perfect balance between style and safety.

Ready to design a safer, more stylish commercial outdoor space? Contact the Raaft team today to get expert advice on specifying the right porcelain surfaces for your project.